Simplify (1+i)^8

${(1 + i)}^{8}$

Step 1

Use the Binomial Theorem.

$1^{8} + 8 \cdot 1^{7} i + 28 \cdot 1^{6} i^{2} + 56 \cdot 1^{5} i^{3} + 70 \cdot 1^{4} i^{4} + 56 \cdot 1^{3} i^{5} + 28 \cdot 1^{2} i^{6} + 8 \cdot 1 i^{7} + i^{8}$

Step 2

Simplify terms.

Simplify each term.

One to any power is one.

$1 + 8 \cdot 1^{7} i + 28 \cdot 1^{6} i^{2} + 56 \cdot 1^{5} i^{3} + 70 \cdot 1^{4} i^{4} + 56 \cdot 1^{3} i^{5} + 28 \cdot 1^{2} i^{6} + 8 \cdot 1 i^{7} + i^{8}$

One to any power is one.

$1 + 8 \cdot 1 i + 28 \cdot 1^{6} i^{2} + 56 \cdot 1^{5} i^{3} + 70 \cdot 1^{4} i^{4} + 56 \cdot 1^{3} i^{5} + 28 \cdot 1^{2} i^{6} + 8 \cdot 1 i^{7} + i^{8}$

Multiply $8$ by $1$ .

$1 + 8 i + 28 \cdot 1^{6} i^{2} + 56 \cdot 1^{5} i^{3} + 70 \cdot 1^{4} i^{4} + 56 \cdot 1^{3} i^{5} + 28 \cdot 1^{2} i^{6} + 8 \cdot 1 i^{7} + i^{8}$

One to any power is one.

$1 + 8 i + 28 \cdot 1 i^{2} + 56 \cdot 1^{5} i^{3} + 70 \cdot 1^{4} i^{4} + 56 \cdot 1^{3} i^{5} + 28 \cdot 1^{2} i^{6} + 8 \cdot 1 i^{7} + i^{8}$

Multiply $28$ by $1$ .

$1 + 8 i + 28 i^{2} + 56 \cdot 1^{5} i^{3} + 70 \cdot 1^{4} i^{4} + 56 \cdot 1^{3} i^{5} + 28 \cdot 1^{2} i^{6} + 8 \cdot 1 i^{7} + i^{8}$

Rewrite $i^{2}$ as $- 1$ .

$1 + 8 i + 28 \cdot - 1 + 56 \cdot 1^{5} i^{3} + 70 \cdot 1^{4} i^{4} + 56 \cdot 1^{3} i^{5} + 28 \cdot 1^{2} i^{6} + 8 \cdot 1 i^{7} + i^{8}$

Multiply $28$ by $- 1$ .

$1 + 8 i - 28 + 56 \cdot 1^{5} i^{3} + 70 \cdot 1^{4} i^{4} + 56 \cdot 1^{3} i^{5} + 28 \cdot 1^{2} i^{6} + 8 \cdot 1 i^{7} + i^{8}$

One to any power is one.

$1 + 8 i - 28 + 56 \cdot 1 i^{3} + 70 \cdot 1^{4} i^{4} + 56 \cdot 1^{3} i^{5} + 28 \cdot 1^{2} i^{6} + 8 \cdot 1 i^{7} + i^{8}$

Multiply $56$ by $1$ .

$1 + 8 i - 28 + 56 i^{3} + 70 \cdot 1^{4} i^{4} + 56 \cdot 1^{3} i^{5} + 28 \cdot 1^{2} i^{6} + 8 \cdot 1 i^{7} + i^{8}$

Factor out $i^{2}$ .

$1 + 8 i - 28 + 56 (i^{2} \cdot i) + 70 \cdot 1^{4} i^{4} + 56 \cdot 1^{3} i^{5} + 28 \cdot 1^{2} i^{6} + 8 \cdot 1 i^{7} + i^{8}$

Rewrite $i^{2}$ as $- 1$ .

$1 + 8 i - 28 + 56 (- 1 \cdot i) + 70 \cdot 1^{4} i^{4} + 56 \cdot 1^{3} i^{5} + 28 \cdot 1^{2} i^{6} + 8 \cdot 1 i^{7} + i^{8}$

Rewrite $- 1 i$ as $- i$ .

$1 + 8 i - 28 + 56 (- i) + 70 \cdot 1^{4} i^{4} + 56 \cdot 1^{3} i^{5} + 28 \cdot 1^{2} i^{6} + 8 \cdot 1 i^{7} + i^{8}$

Multiply $- 1$ by $56$ .

$1 + 8 i - 28 - 56 i + 70 \cdot 1^{4} i^{4} + 56 \cdot 1^{3} i^{5} + 28 \cdot 1^{2} i^{6} + 8 \cdot 1 i^{7} + i^{8}$

One to any power is one.

$1 + 8 i - 28 - 56 i + 70 \cdot 1 i^{4} + 56 \cdot 1^{3} i^{5} + 28 \cdot 1^{2} i^{6} + 8 \cdot 1 i^{7} + i^{8}$

Multiply $70$ by $1$ .

$1 + 8 i - 28 - 56 i + 70 i^{4} + 56 \cdot 1^{3} i^{5} + 28 \cdot 1^{2} i^{6} + 8 \cdot 1 i^{7} + i^{8}$

Rewrite $i^{4}$ as $1$ .

Rewrite $i^{4}$ as ${(i^{2})}^{2}$ .

$1 + 8 i - 28 - 56 i + 70 {(i^{2})}^{2} + 56 \cdot 1^{3} i^{5} + 28 \cdot 1^{2} i^{6} + 8 \cdot 1 i^{7} + i^{8}$

Rewrite $i^{2}$ as $- 1$ .

$1 + 8 i - 28 - 56 i + 70 {(- 1)}^{2} + 56 \cdot 1^{3} i^{5} + 28 \cdot 1^{2} i^{6} + 8 \cdot 1 i^{7} + i^{8}$

Raise $- 1$ to the power of $2$ .

$1 + 8 i - 28 - 56 i + 70 \cdot 1 + 56 \cdot 1^{3} i^{5} + 28 \cdot 1^{2} i^{6} + 8 \cdot 1 i^{7} + i^{8}$

Multiply $70$ by $1$ .

$1 + 8 i - 28 - 56 i + 70 + 56 \cdot 1^{3} i^{5} + 28 \cdot 1^{2} i^{6} + 8 \cdot 1 i^{7} + i^{8}$

One to any power is one.

$1 + 8 i - 28 - 56 i + 70 + 56 \cdot 1 i^{5} + 28 \cdot 1^{2} i^{6} + 8 \cdot 1 i^{7} + i^{8}$

Multiply $56$ by $1$ .

$1 + 8 i - 28 - 56 i + 70 + 56 i^{5} + 28 \cdot 1^{2} i^{6} + 8 \cdot 1 i^{7} + i^{8}$

Factor out $i^{4}$ .

$1 + 8 i - 28 - 56 i + 70 + 56 (i^{4} i) + 28 \cdot 1^{2} i^{6} + 8 \cdot 1 i^{7} + i^{8}$

Rewrite $i^{4}$ as $1$ .

Rewrite $i^{4}$ as ${(i^{2})}^{2}$ .

$1 + 8 i - 28 - 56 i + 70 + 56 ({(i^{2})}^{2} i) + 28 \cdot 1^{2} i^{6} + 8 \cdot 1 i^{7} + i^{8}$

Rewrite $i^{2}$ as $- 1$ .

$1 + 8 i - 28 - 56 i + 70 + 56 ({(- 1)}^{2} i) + 28 \cdot 1^{2} i^{6} + 8 \cdot 1 i^{7} + i^{8}$

Raise $- 1$ to the power of $2$ .

$1 + 8 i - 28 - 56 i + 70 + 56 (1 i) + 28 \cdot 1^{2} i^{6} + 8 \cdot 1 i^{7} + i^{8}$

Multiply $i$ by $1$ .

$1 + 8 i - 28 - 56 i + 70 + 56 i + 28 \cdot 1^{2} i^{6} + 8 \cdot 1 i^{7} + i^{8}$

One to any power is one.

$1 + 8 i - 28 - 56 i + 70 + 56 i + 28 \cdot 1 i^{6} + 8 \cdot 1 i^{7} + i^{8}$

Multiply $28$ by $1$ .

$1 + 8 i - 28 - 56 i + 70 + 56 i + 28 i^{6} + 8 \cdot 1 i^{7} + i^{8}$

Factor out $i^{4}$ .

$1 + 8 i - 28 - 56 i + 70 + 56 i + 28 (i^{4} i^{2}) + 8 \cdot 1 i^{7} + i^{8}$

Rewrite $i^{4}$ as $1$ .

Rewrite $i^{4}$ as ${(i^{2})}^{2}$ .

$1 + 8 i - 28 - 56 i + 70 + 56 i + 28 ({(i^{2})}^{2} i^{2}) + 8 \cdot 1 i^{7} + i^{8}$

Rewrite $i^{2}$ as $- 1$ .

$1 + 8 i - 28 - 56 i + 70 + 56 i + 28 ({(- 1)}^{2} i^{2}) + 8 \cdot 1 i^{7} + i^{8}$

Raise $- 1$ to the power of $2$ .

$1 + 8 i - 28 - 56 i + 70 + 56 i + 28 (1 i^{2}) + 8 \cdot 1 i^{7} + i^{8}$

Multiply $i^{2}$ by $1$ .

$1 + 8 i - 28 - 56 i + 70 + 56 i + 28 i^{2} + 8 \cdot 1 i^{7} + i^{8}$

Rewrite $i^{2}$ as $- 1$ .

$1 + 8 i - 28 - 56 i + 70 + 56 i + 28 \cdot - 1 + 8 \cdot 1 i^{7} + i^{8}$

Multiply $28$ by $- 1$ .

$1 + 8 i - 28 - 56 i + 70 + 56 i - 28 + 8 \cdot 1 i^{7} + i^{8}$

Multiply $8$ by $1$ .

$1 + 8 i - 28 - 56 i + 70 + 56 i - 28 + 8 i^{7} + i^{8}$

Rewrite $i^{7}$ as $i^{4} (i^{2} \cdot i)$ .

Factor out $i^{4}$ .

$1 + 8 i - 28 - 56 i + 70 + 56 i - 28 + 8 (i^{4} i^{3}) + i^{8}$

Factor out $i^{2}$ .

$1 + 8 i - 28 - 56 i + 70 + 56 i - 28 + 8 (i^{4} (i^{2} \cdot i)) + i^{8}$

Rewrite $i^{4}$ as $1$ .

Rewrite $i^{4}$ as ${(i^{2})}^{2}$ .

$1 + 8 i - 28 - 56 i + 70 + 56 i - 28 + 8 ({(i^{2})}^{2} (i^{2} \cdot i)) + i^{8}$

Rewrite $i^{2}$ as $- 1$ .

$1 + 8 i - 28 - 56 i + 70 + 56 i - 28 + 8 ({(- 1)}^{2} (i^{2} \cdot i)) + i^{8}$

Raise $- 1$ to the power of $2$ .

$1 + 8 i - 28 - 56 i + 70 + 56 i - 28 + 8 (1 (i^{2} \cdot i)) + i^{8}$

Multiply $i^{2} \cdot i$ by $1$ .

$1 + 8 i - 28 - 56 i + 70 + 56 i - 28 + 8 (i^{2} \cdot i) + i^{8}$

Rewrite $i^{2}$ as $- 1$ .

$1 + 8 i - 28 - 56 i + 70 + 56 i - 28 + 8 (- 1 \cdot i) + i^{8}$

Rewrite $- 1 i$ as $- i$ .

$1 + 8 i - 28 - 56 i + 70 + 56 i - 28 + 8 (- i) + i^{8}$

Multiply $- 1$ by $8$ .

$1 + 8 i - 28 - 56 i + 70 + 56 i - 28 - 8 i + i^{8}$

Rewrite $i^{8}$ as ${(i^{4})}^{2}$ .

$1 + 8 i - 28 - 56 i + 70 + 56 i - 28 - 8 i + {(i^{4})}^{2}$

Rewrite $i^{4}$ as $1$ .

Rewrite $i^{4}$ as ${(i^{2})}^{2}$ .

$1 + 8 i - 28 - 56 i + 70 + 56 i - 28 - 8 i + {({(i^{2})}^{2})}^{2}$

Rewrite $i^{2}$ as $- 1$ .

$1 + 8 i - 28 - 56 i + 70 + 56 i - 28 - 8 i + {({(- 1)}^{2})}^{2}$

Raise $- 1$ to the power of $2$ .

$1 + 8 i - 28 - 56 i + 70 + 56 i - 28 - 8 i + 1^{2}$

One to any power is one.

$1 + 8 i - 28 - 56 i + 70 + 56 i - 28 - 8 i + 1$

Simplify by adding terms.

Subtract $28$ from $1$ .

$- 27 + 8 i - 56 i + 70 + 56 i - 28 - 8 i + 1$

Simplify by adding and subtracting.

Add $- 27$ and $70$ .

$43 + 8 i - 56 i + 56 i - 28 - 8 i + 1$

Subtract $28$ from $43$ .

$15 + 8 i - 56 i + 56 i - 8 i + 1$

Add $15$ and $1$ .

$16 + 8 i - 56 i + 56 i - 8 i$

Subtract $56 i$ from $8 i$ .

$16 - 48 i + 56 i - 8 i$

Add $- 48 i$ and $56 i$ .

$16 + 8 i - 8 i$

Subtract $8 i$ from $8 i$ .

$16 + 0$

Add $16$ and $0$ .

$16$

Simplify (1+i)^8

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